HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE
- HARDWARE :- The
physical component of a computer that we can touch, handle, or see
physically is called Hardware. Hardware is tangible parts. Hardware is a
computer, electronic and mechanical components. It consists all
mechanical, magnetic, electrical or electronic devices like CPU, Disk,
Disk Drive, Monitor, Keyboard, Mouse, RAM, ROM, Cable etc.
- SOFTWARE: - Software
is a set of instruction that tells a computer what to do. Software is
written computer program or a series of instructions. Software is program
that allows the hardware to perform a useful work. Without software
hardware is quite useless. Software interaction between user and computer.
Software is needed to complete the input, processing, output, and storage
and control activity of Information System. There are two type of
Software.
System Software.
Application Software (Over view of software).
- SYSTEM SOFTWARE :-
System Software is a group of program that controls all the operation of computer. It controls the use and distribution of various hardware components. This enables other application programs to execute properly. The system consists of programs that manage software and support the activities of a computer system and its information processing. System software is the type of software, which makes better & effective utilization of the entire computer system. It controls all operations of computer system. System Software serves as interface between systems, network, hardware and the application programs of end users. The manufactures provide it. The person preparing system software is called System Programmer & the process is called System Programming. The development of Compiler, Operating System, and High-Level Languages come under this category. For example, Operating System, utilities, device drivers & Network Management Programs. - APPLICATION SOFTWARE :-
Application Software is a type of software that is used to perform specific task for users. It is used to perform different task such as word processor, a spreadsheet of database etc. An application is the job or task a user wants the computer to do. Application software enables you to perform specific task, solve problem, and perform work. The person preparing application software is called application programmer. For example software developed for the PAYROLL of employees and program for maintain of personal record come under this category. - General Purpose Software.
- Application Specific Software.
- GENERAL PURPOSE :-
General Purpose Program is application program that perform common job for end user. For example, word processing program, spreadsheet programs, database management programs (MS-Access, Oracle) and graphics program. - SPECIFIC APPLICATION PROGRAM
:-
Specific application program is used to support specific application. This type of software perform specific task. For example program for scientific analysis, engineering design & monitor of experiment. Computer application in education, entertainment, music, art, law & medicine etc.
APPLICATION OR USES OF COMPUTER
1.
COMPUTER
IN OFFICE: - Word processing or the use of
computer as a typewriter is one of the most widely appreciated functions of the
modern computer. The secretaries, newspaper reporters, intellectuals, novelist
and writer who deal in words are no one found it useful. With a word processor,
a user can type a report, a letter, a story, or whatever they want and view it
on the computer screen. Modify, simple words in sentences, or paragraphs can be
inserted or deleted or moved to different part of the document. Computer
spell-check, and finally it is copied on paper using a printer.
2.
COMPUTER
IN THE BANK :- Bank keep most of the record
and data on computer. Bank accounts are maintained on the computer to avoid any
chance of duplication or malfunction. The cheque is read by MICR (Magnetic Ink Character
Readers) a device used to allow the data on cheque to be read by machine. Read
the MICR at the bottom of each check, which is printed in magnetic ink, as well
as special character numbers. Such computer is used to keep records of customer
accounts, deposits, repayments, loans, interest etc.
3.
COMPUTER
IN INDUSTRIES :- Computer is used to control
manufacturing and producing systems and continuous running of the machinery. It
is also helping to monitor the temperature and pressure measurements in the
manufacturing process. Computers are used in the form of robots, in many industries
4.
COMPUTER
IN EDUCATION :- Computer is used in schools in
many different ways. They are used to help Montessori children learn different
skills such as to distinguish between shapes, color etc. While college students
use graphs and charts and computers can take advantage of the calculation of
the mathematical and scientific assignments. The students use computer for
Internet.
5.
COMPUTER
SIMULATION FOR TRAINING :- Computer
models can be used to train people such as pilots. A cockpit that is built on
an airplane cockpit computer screen shows the picture of the model view, see
the pilot, which look like using the computer.
6.
COMPUTER
AIDED DESIGN :- Computer are used as a
designing tool for engineers, architects and designer to perform their large,
and complex job in a very short period. Examples of such a design project
include car making, office building, and design plaza designing.
7.
COMPUTER
IN HEALTH CARE :-Doctor diagnoses diseases by
entering patient's symptoms in computer and prescribe medicines accordingly.
The doctor takes the final decision but the computer speed up the process. It
also keeps record of the patient's checkup and medicine etc.
8.
COMPUTER
IN LAW :- In law chambers, computer is
used to store a data bank of all those cases that have been already solved or
decided. This helps her cope with the current situation that enables lawyers to
study any case.
9.
COMPUTER
IN POLICE DEPARTMENT :- The
police department use the computer to help them catch criminals. About
criminals and crime suspects data can be stored on the computer. A computer can
find all the information about a crime, through which it can be fed into the
database repository.
10. COMPUTER IN THE HOME :- Now a day the computer becomes a necessity of every
home like other electrical appliances. Kids play games on it, stamp collection
records, play pictures, play music, watch movies and try some kind of reading
and writing according to needs. Parents can write their reports and mac
calculations, mac budget etc. They can use computer for internet services and
for electronic mail.
- SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY :- All of us know that large computers can do
millions of engineering calculation per second, can rapidly process the
results of hundreds of Thousands of laboratory experiments in physics, and
cars, is an important tool for modern designer most important
microelectronic parts for aircraft and computers. Science and technology,
computers not only for their skills in a number of useful but crunchier as
simulation techniques. Exploitation of computer graphics simulation and
model building model objects and worlds numerical skills. Space research
in computer simulation is particularly useful. Computer simulation is also
useful for weather forecasts predict earthquakes.